Alternative Technology
Alternative technology refers to any innovative approach or solution that offers an alternative to traditional methods or technologies. These alternatives aim to address environmental, social, or economic challenges while promoting sustainability and efficiency. They often strive to minimize negative impacts on the environment, conserve resources, and reduce dependence on non-renewable energy sources. Here, we'll explore some popular alternative technologies and their applications in various sectors.
Renewable Energy Technologies:
Solar Power: Solar panels capture sunlight and convert it into electricity, offering a clean and abundant energy source.
Wind Power: Wind turbines generate electricity by harnessing the power of wind, providing a sustainable and renewable energy option.
Hydroelectric Power: This technology utilizes flowing or falling water to generate electricity, typically through dams or turbines.
Geothermal Energy: Geothermal power plants tap into the Earth's natural heat to produce electricity and heating/cooling systems.
Energy Storage Technologies:
Battery Storage: Advanced battery technologies, such as lithium-ion batteries, enable efficient storage of electricity for later use, promoting the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources.
Pumped Hydro Storage: This method stores excess energy by pumping water to a higher elevation and releasing it later to generate electricity when demand is high.
Electric Vehicles (EVs): EVs are vehicles powered by electric motors and rely on rechargeable batteries. They offer a cleaner and quieter mode of transportation, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and decreasing carbon emissions.
Green Building Technologies:
Passive Solar Design: Buildings designed with optimal positioning, insulation, and window placement maximize natural light and heat from the sun, reducing energy consumption for heating and cooling.
Green Roofs: These roofs are covered with vegetation, providing insulation, reducing stormwater runoff, and improving air quality.
Energy-Efficient Appliances: High-efficiency appliances, such as refrigerators, air conditioners, and lighting systems, minimize energy consumption without sacrificing functionality.
Waste Management Technologies:
Recycling and Composting: These processes divert waste from landfills, reducing environmental pollution and conserving resources.
Waste-to-Energy: Technologies like anaerobic digestion and incineration convert waste materials into energy, producing heat or electricity while minimizing landfill usage.
Sustainable Agriculture Technologies:
Precision Farming: The use of technology, including sensors, drones, and data analysis, optimizes agricultural practices, reduces resource wastage, and improves crop yields.
Aquaponics: This integrated system combines aquaculture (fish farming) and hydroponics (growing plants in water) to create a symbiotic environment that maximizes resource utilization and minimizes water waste.
These examples demonstrate how alternative technologies offer solutions to pressing global challenges, fostering sustainability, and reducing environmental impact. Continued research, development, and implementation of alternative technologies can help shape a more sustainable and resilient future.
Outline
Basic component emergencies are driven by deficiencies in supply, yet by the interest for advancements that utilization the basic components. Subsequently, options in contrast to innovations that utilization a lot of basic components are vital to diminishing both interest for basic components and the opportunity of future basic component supply bottlenecks that would restrict creation of advances utilizing the restricted materials. In this unique circumstance, "elective advancements" allude to advancements that utilization less or no basic components because of further developed plan or assembling processes.
The objectives of elective advancements are as per the following:
1. Decline interest for basic components
2. Guarantee a safer
stockpile of the innovation that was previously dependent upon that component.
3. New advancements that
will bring about items with expanded proficiency and brought down costs
4. Decline chance of
future basic materials emergencies by utilizing more normal materials and utilizing
a wide assortment of choices
To achieve these previously mentioned objectives, a wide range of elective innovations should be fostered that utilize more normal materials. To foster these elective advancements, Mission 2016 backers financing innovative work (Research and development) of options and empowering the utilization of choices.
Financing and backing for Research and development and the execution of ebb and flow options should come from legislatures as well as from enterprises. Research and development includes an enormous speculation of capital and once in a while has an elevated degree of hazard as not all Research and development drives will bring about reasonable items. While market compels will drive organizations to look for elective advancements, the high-risk, high award nature of Research and development for choices will deter a few organizations from effective financial planning. Notwithstanding Research and development being in the drawn out interests of organizations, the confidential area can't be exclusively depended upon for drive for Research and development, particularly assuming that there are unpleasant financial circumstances. Capital-serious Research and development should be additionally energized through government financing and motivating forces.
Points of reference
Limits in provisions required for specific innovations as well as a longing to further develop existing items has consistently determined the improvement of elective innovations. Subsidizing and motivations for Research and development and the execution of options has come from the two states and ventures.
Sorts of Elective Advancements
Elective advances can be sorted concerning their effect on basic component utilization:
New advances that supplement existing items that include basic components and further develop effectiveness,
Advances that supplant
basic components
Plan refinements that
decline the essential amount of basic components.
A few elective innovations don't supplant the job of basic components, yet rather make existing cycles fundamentally more proficient. For instance, lithium-particle batteries have become progressively significant for environmentally friendly power attempts like breeze, sun based, and electric vehicles. Since lithium-particle batteries were developed, specialists have dramatically increased their energy limit (Radon). Anyway lithium-particle batteries are most restricted in life expectancy ("Is lithium-particle the best battery?"). One of the new imaginative approaches to enormously expand the rechargeability and energy limit of lithium-particle batteries is to utilize vanadium oxide nanowires as the cathodes, which as a result, lessens the energy lost in lithium-particle batteries. This, and different expansions in energy capacity innovation has considered expanded business suitability, yet involves the utilization of an uncommon earth component, also lithium's essential significance.
Vanadium redox batteries are likewise a promising innovation since they can be utilized for 35-50 years, instead of 3-5 years for lithium-particle batteries, produce little intensity, can charge and release at the same time, and have low self-release. As of late the Division of Energy's Pacific Northwest Public Research facility figured out how to increment energy capacity in vanadium redox batteries by 70% by utilizing both sulfuric corrosive and hydrochloric corrosive in the electrolyte arrangement. Since vanadium can make lithium-particle batteries more productive or can be utilized in a redox battery with an essentially longer life expectancy, by and large less basic material should be utilized. Vanadium battery advancements consequently address an elective innovation that doesn't supplant intriguing earth components yet builds the effectiveness of advances including the components, subsequently possibly diminishing the interest.
Choices that Override Basic Components
An illustration of an
elective innovation that would supplant a basic component is a material created
by scientist Shouheng Sun. Sun and his specialists made a graphene sheet
covered with cobalt and cobalt-oxide nanoparticles that is close to as
productive as platinum at catalyzing the oxygen decrease response Shaojun Guo,
a distributed postdoctoral scientist in Sun's lab, said the new material "has
the best decrease execution of any non-platinum impetus". Platinum bunch
components are in "restricted supply" as per Sun, however their
reactant properties have been trying to coordinate and the production network
can be effectively disturbed since by far most of PGEs are mined in
Industry Drives
A few organizations fabricating items that utilization basic components have put resources into elective innovations to get ready for a deficiency of materials and gain advantage in the serious market. One model is in the breeze turbine industry. Initially, most wind turbines utilized gearboxes connected to a doubly taken care of enlistment generator. To amplify yield in megawatts (MW), in any case, the size of the breeze turbine, and in this manner the gearbox, must be expanded. As the size of the gearbox increments, it turns out to be more powerless against mechanical issues and must be fixed on a more regular basis. Likewise, as turbines become increasingly large to help the mass of the generator and the edges of the turbine, the measure of steel and different materials used to construct the turbine and the expenses for establishment of the turbine increment. Since direct drive generators utilizing Nd-Fe-B-Dy extremely durable magnets can create a more prominent measure of MW for a more modest estimated generator than that of the gearbox, a more modest turbine with a long-lasting magnet generator can deliver as much as a bigger turbine with a gearbox and at possibly a lower cost. Therefore, it isn't is really to be expected that how much long-lasting magnet wind turbines is anticipated to increment from 5-10% to 20-25% of yearly establishments over the course of the following decade. Nonetheless, as a 3.5 MW direct drive wind turbine requires 756 kg of neodymium and the interest for dysprosium is projected to increment by 2600% and that for neodymium is projected to increment by 700% throughout the following 25 years, a deficiency in the stockpile of neodymium and, all the more critically, dysprosium, may restrict multiplication of super durable magnet wind turbines.
Empowering execution of elective advances
As a rule, there are
expected options in contrast to basic metal-utilizing advances. For example
acceptance engines are as of now utilized in a few half breeds and electric
vehicles, like the Tesla Roadster, the Passage Officer EV, and Tesla and
In the event that there are likely other options, what elements could block execution of the other options? At the current day, a few options are not quite as proficient as or are more costly than the innovations that they would replace. This is particularly an issue in the perfect energy industry, in which there is strain to make green advances cost cutthroat with those that utilization petroleum products. For example, even with rising costs of neodymium and dysprosium, an extremely durable magnet wind turbine actually might be more affordable contrasted with that of a DFIG turbine in view of the expenses of building and moving enormous DFIG turbines expected to create a similar measure of result in MW. In the shopper gadgets industry and military applications there is likewise strain to have little, profoundly proficient items. Because of increasing expenses and restricted supply, it will be important now and again to utilize less effective other options. A made to order money saving advantage examination is required to decide in which cases utilizing a less effective model would be generally reasonable, and at times government impetuses may be expected to convince organizations to utilize less-productive other options.
Research and development Considering Request
It is fundamental to recognize which advancements are most in danger to figure out where to coordinate motivators and innovative work (Research and development) for elective advancements. The advantage of Research and development should be improved by coordinating such endeavors toward advancements that are sought after and those of which a fundamental part is in short or jeopardized supply. Consideration should likewise be paid to advances in danger of expected bottlenecks from here on out. Albeit not all exploration tasks will end in progress, generally speaking there should be an expansion in elective advances or potentially improvement in the effectiveness of existing advances.
Necessities for a decent other option:
Minimal expense parts
Minimal expense of
assembling
Generally bountiful parts
(If material) guarantees
innovation works at a high productivity
(If pertinent) temperature
range in which innovation works doesn't fundamentally reduce execution.
Instances of Current Innovations to Focus for Research and development
The advances recorded beneath are instances of innovations in which Research and development and execution of choices are generally basic. As mechanical improvements change the rundown of materials popular and different conditions influence supply, this rundown would change.
Nd-Fe-B-Dy Long-lasting Magnets (because of deficiencies in dysprosium and neodymium)
Uncommon Earth Phosphors (because
of deficiencies in europium, terbium, and yttrium).
Exhaust systems (because
of deficiencies in platinum).
Numerous Other options
What occurs in the event
that there is a bottleneck in the stockpile of a part of an elective
innovation? Albeit the objective of elective advances is to utilize less basic
components, and, whenever the situation allows, replace basic components with
more normal components, there is generally the opportunity that there will be
inventory network bottlenecks because of surprising conditions a very long time
into what's in store. For example, neodymium extremely durable magnets were
first involved after a deficiency in and ascend in the cost of cobalt because
of political turmoil in the
MGOe, which estimates the
most extreme measure of work a magnet can create, represents super gauss
oersteds, in which 1MGOe ? 7.96 kJ/m3.The ranges in MGOe are to some degree
because of the various grades of magnets of one sort. Around then, uncommon
earths were opening up as
